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Topical hydrogel human amnion membrane for wounds healing in mice (mus musculus) induced by diabetes

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Background: One of the complications that occurs in DM patients is the occurrence of chronic wounds. Human Amnion Membrane (hAM) has been identified as a promising natural option for treating skin lesions, including burns and diabetes mellitus. This hAM contains extracellular matrices such as growth factors, collagen, and proteoglycans as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents in wounds. Objective: to analyse the effect of hAM hydrogel treatment on wound closure macroscopically and microscopically on days 3, 7, 14, and 21. Methods: include hydrogel characterisation tests using SEM and ATR-FTIR. Experimental procedures, using mice divided into 3 treatment groups, namely healthy and DM groups without treatment, and hamd DM treatment. Wound area measurements (macroscopic) and hematoxylin-eosin staining were carried out. Two-way ANOVA test analysis using Graphpad Prism 10. Results: The healthy group without treatment and the DM group with hAM treatment on day 21 had closed wound closure, whereas the DM group without therapy on day 21 had no closed wound closure. The above results align with the statistical and histopathological analysis results. Conclusion: Human amniotic membrane hydrogel administered to DM mice's skin wounds can heal diabetic skin wounds faster than the control group, namely healthy mice and DM mice without treatment. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, hydrogel, extracellular matrix, amniotic membrane